EXİSTENTİAL ART
Existentialism is a Europe- oriented philosophical thought which came into existence in France after world war II and spread globally. Origins of existentialism are based on philosophers like Kierkegaard and Nietzsche. Basically, Existentialism constructs itself on concepts of freedom, ability to choose and responsibility. According to Existentialism, each human is responsible of himself. Humans are equal only in terms of birth, growing and death. A person's being superior, average or inferior is the outcome of his own choice. Those who support this thought are divided into two: religious existentilists and atheist existentialists. In addition, in Existentialism, anything is individualistic, that is to say, it alleges that I have, or you have, or he has existence. According to existentialism, search regarding existence requires facing various opportunities in which the entity needs to make a choice. In other words, it discusses that oneself does not come before the existence, the existence comes before oneself, that human first existed and then not knowing himself, created oneself. Existentialism, particularly in humanist or atheist framework, alleges that the universe can not be understood by sense, the universe itself is pointless and nonsense, the universe does not have any rationalist aspects and the universe is given meaning by humans. Existentialism has also addressed existentialist problems of humans in art (it has tried to find solutions to depression, relationship, hopelessness, unsuccess, death and loneliness.)
Important Existentialists
Jean Paul Sartre : Theatre, Philosophy, Novel
Albert Camus : Novel and Essay
Simone de Beauvoir : Novel, theatre, Essay
Andre Malraux : Novel
Reference : www.felsefe.gen.tr/varolusculuk_nedir.asp
www.genbilim.com/content/view/1319/90/
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